Answering the narrow version, because the broad one does not have a single answer. Prices dramatically below market are the strongest single signal, and the reason is arithmetic rather than suspicion. Synthesis, testing, and cold-chain shipping have floors. A price well under the floor means something was skipped, and the two things that get skipped are testing and content.

NeuroNate said:

Prices dramatically below market are the strongest single signal, and the reason is arithmetic rather than suspicion.

Right, and one flattering data point from a group buy is not consistency. Consistency means separate batches, separately commissioned, over months.

Dr.EndoIndy said:

Eight months with one supplier, then a change in how they communicate that I noticed before I noticed anything about the product.

Same position here, arrived at the long way round. The pattern that distinguishes a bad batch from an exit is behaviour rather than product. A bad batch comes with communication, a reshipment offer and a batch number. An exit comes with slower replies, pressure toward less reversible payment methods, sudden discounting, and the same reassurance repeated without any new information. The product tells you less than the correspondence does.

Clinical perspective, offered as context rather than as advice.

Vendor reputation tracking for vendor vetting: I maintain a personal spreadsheet with every order I've placed — date, vendor, batch number, Janoshik result, personal efficacy assessment (1-5 scale), and any issues.

After 17 orders across 5 vendors: average purity 98.1%, zero sterility concerns, 0 shipping issues (all resolved). This data gives me confidence in my current source and documentation if issues arise.

I encourage everyone to track their orders systematically. Community data aggregation makes us all safer.