Short answer first, then the reasoning. Oral semaglutide is absorbed in the stomach with the help of SNAC, which locally raises pH and protects the peptide long enough to cross. That mechanism is fragile: bioavailability is roughly 1% and highly sensitive to gastric contents, so a mouthful of coffee genuinely changes the exposure. This is why the label wants 30 minutes and no more than half a glass of plain water.

Dr.CardioMD said:

Oral semaglutide is absorbed in the stomach with the help of SNAC, which locally raises pH and protects the peptide long enough to cross.

That is correct as far as it goes, and here is where it stops going. The absorption variability is real, but it partly averages out over weeks — the steady-state trough is less erratic than any single day would suggest. Where it bites is in the first fortnight, when people conclude the tablet does nothing.

COA_Karl said:

On 25mg oral, four months in, and my results are closer to the low-dose injectable arm than to the numbers being quoted for 50mg.

Can confirm the pattern COA_Karl describes. Orforglipron is the more interesting oral story because it is not a peptide at all. Being a small molecule it does not need SNAC, does not need the fasting window, and has oral bioavailability in the tens of percent rather than about one.

From the other side of the consultation, briefly. The distinction that resolves most of these threads is between what is true on average and what is true for one person. Both are real; they answer different questions and get quoted as if they were the same one.