From the other side of the consultation, briefly. Start from the measurement rather than the conclusion. Almost every disagreement here turns out to be two people measuring different things and comparing the numbers anyway.

A narrower follow-up, since the general answer is now clear:

What would you measure differently if you were starting again?

PedsEndoPhilly said:

Start from the measurement rather than the conclusion.

I read this differently. The confidence in this thread is running ahead of the evidence, and I would rather the uncertainty were stated than smoothed over because it is unsatisfying.

PedsEndoPhilly said:

Start from the measurement rather than the conclusion.

Correct as far as it goes. The part it does not cover is what to do when the honest answer is "not enough data", which is more often than anyone likes.

Moderator note: good thread. Keeping it here rather than moving it, because the question is general enough to be useful.